Climate change

But on this planet a huge variety of reliefs. And here is another example. In the hot, cloudless days the sun is extremely hot sand. Its temperature is so high that it can not step bare foot. Nearby, in a small depression is a puddle of rainwater. Sun, whatever is hot, it was not, never will heat the water as the sand. This is because the water and heats and cools more slowly than sand. This physical feature is essential for building a climate of our planet. Sea, which for a long time can store heat in the winter months, gradually gave him land. If the mainland or an island bordered by the warm sea, then there is no cold winter. In winter, the continents are colder than the sea. In those months, the warmer ocean currents, they are called monsoons bring warm air and heavy rains. Monsoons, sometimes very strongly influence the climate of the area. Such a monsoon climate, with a very rainy summer and dry winter, there is in India. But there are places on Earth, to which no monsoons are not able to reach. Far from the sweltering summer of the oceans, and winter is very severe. Rains here a little, but the sky remains clear for a long time and cloudless. Such a climate is called continental or continental. Great importance for building a climate are the mountains. To only 400 kilometers east of the Gulf of California is a harsh desert. This difference in climate because the sea breeze is very difficult to transfer his wet winds through high mountains. Therefore, on one side of the mountains here maritime climate, but on the other - Continental. For residents of the mountains to get to a different climate, it is enough to walk several kilometers through a mountain pass and he finds himself in very different conditions. Chronicles and other sources sometimes contain a description of global climate change. So in Egypt in 1011 froze the Nile, that never in recent centuries did not happen. In 1690, the winter ice covered most of the Black Sea. There are a record of extraordinary drought, floods and other unusual weather changes. Global climate change in different parts of the earth - very rare. Over 2000 years ago, Julius Caesar made a description of climate Gaul. At the time of the Romans they called the territory of France, Northern Italy, Belgium, part of the Netherlands and Switzerland. These descriptions are not much different from the description of the modern climate of France. Historical period of a few thousand years - just a brief moment in the life of our planet. Even far beyond the Arctic Circle, some geologists have found deposits of coal. Thick layers of the fossil were once luxurious, evergreen forests, which grow on the earth millions of years ago. In equatorial Africa, geologists have found traces of glaciers, according to their power like the glaciers of Antarctica. Most recently, about 10,000 years ago, vast areas of North America and Europe were covered by glaciers indestructible armor. For millions of the history of our planet several times been sharp changes in climate. These changes mainly had an oscillatory character with a return to initial conditions over longer or shorter period of time. Now the Earth has been a slow warming. It reached the greatest force in the decade 1929-1938 period, and received the title "Modern Warming Arctic." During these years, average winter temperatures in Greenland were 4-6 degrees above average for a multiyear period. Warming encompasses a broad range of space and was observed even in the Southern Hemisphere. The greatest impact on Earth's climate has the Sun. Active solar radiation, affecting the upper layers of the atmosphere, greatly affects the general circulation of air masses of the planet. In 1956, in a few weeks there was increased solar activity. In many parts of the Earth is caused by natural disasters. For example, in India, floods in the rivers were repeated several times. Water flooded thousands of villages. From showers, thunderstorms and flooding that year, suffered even more arid countries such as Iran and Afghanistan. In 1957 -1959 years came an even greater surge of solar activity. Dramatically increased the number of natural disasters and catastrophes. Everywhere been sharp contrasts in weather. In temperate latitudes were unusually severe frosts. Many cities in Central Asia have been inundated with snow. And in the southern hemisphere 'of the Earth - in Australia and Uruguay - are in the same months was unbearably hot with dry winds. Scientists have found that variations in solar activity committed within 9 to 14 years.