Deviation of the vertical line

The exact definition of the Earth's gravity, made Shschernekom in the Tyrol and elsewhere in the Alps, the Czech Republic and in the Carpathians through an improved pendulum gave surprising results. The calculation of Helmert made on the basis of these data showed that the effect of solid Earth masses to a greater or lesser extent, destroyed due to the lower density of the earth's crust under the continents. Apparently, the large accumulations of mass on the surface, forming the mountains and continents meet in the Earth's well-known shortcomings of mass (Massendefecte). Further studies have confirmed this assumption and on the other hand was forced to assume that under the seabed are more dense mass that and violate the correctness of the pendulum on oceanic islands. Therefore, the prism with the same cross-section cut at a certain depth and extending to the surface of the Earth, will have the same mass regardless of where in they are taken. Opening This recovery has raised the credibility of the geodetic measurements. Aside from errors of observation, the accuracy of the results could affect only those deviations, which are a consequence of imperfect compensation at different points of the Earth. All studies have shown that these deviations should not be significant, so the actual surface of the earth, perpendicular to all the observed perpendicular lines, or as they call it, the surface of "geoid" may not differ significantly from the ideal ellipsoid. With regard to its oblateness, at the present time, we can say that it is between V298 and 7zoo-Surface "the geoid", depending on the mass distribution in some places should be lifted above the ellipsoid, while in others - to descend, but to a minor degree. With improvement of geodetic measurements and obtain more accurate values ??of the earth's gravity, the shape of the geoid increasingly clarifies, but to express it strictly mathematically never be: mass distribution of the Earth obeys no one to some law, and is the result of very complex geological events that occurred in the past life periods of the Earth and commit now. Thus, the latest science can not determine the shape and size of the Earth with the same accuracy, which was predicted several years ago, but despite this, recent works are of great importance, since, by studying changes in Earth's gravity at different locations, we get a few, but it is a proven fact clarifies the structure of the crust. The significance of the past, we will talk in detail later.