Tornadoes

Each year, America visited about 900 tornadoes. Here they are called tornadoes. Most often, they descend on the territory of Ohio and Texas, where they are killed on average 114 people a year. March 18, 1925 is the strongest of these tornadoes in the flow niє three hours, raged over the Midwest and took 689 lives. Usually it begins. The wind calms down and becomes very quiet. Then you see the approach of a huge dark cloud. Then it thunders. From the cloud pours unusual, ghostly green light, it's stifling, humid heat, and breathing becomes difficult. Suddenly the temperature drops 15 degrees. Suddenly, from behind the veil of rain clouds on the right side starts to come out spinning shaft. Writhing like a snake, he approaches the edge of the clouds, then bends and begins to grow down to earth. To meet him from the ground up a cloud of dust. Inside the Tornado air rotates at a breakneck pace. With a deafening roar, he slides between earth and sky, drawing into itself everything that comes his way - uprooted trees, sand, houses, cars and people. It goes 1 - 2 minutes, then quickly goes on a whirlwind or retract its "trunk" back into the storm cloud. Usually begins with a strong thunderstorm rainfall. On earth is the band of a few kilometers and a width of 50 to 400 meters, on which rode like a huge asphalt. Inside the tornado wind speeds can reach 100 or more meters per second. This is much faster than the most violent hurricanes. The diameter of a tornado over water is from 25 to 100 meters, on land he attains widths up to 1000 meters, and sometimes up to two kilometers. The apparent height of the "trunk" ranges from 800 to 1500 meters. A tornado is formed when facing two large air masses of different temperature and humidity. In the lower layers of air is usually warm, and in the top - cool. The warm air begins to rise rapidly upward, while it is rapidly cooled and containing water vapor in the form of rain falling on the ground. When the wind begins to blow from the side, which deflects in the direction of flow of the rising warm air around the vertical axis there is rotational motion whose speed reaches 450 kilometers per hour. Such a vortex and is called a tornado. In Western Europe, this wind is called the trombone. In rural areas, residents hold special cellars are hiding at the approach of the spinning monsters. An interesting fact is that at a short distance from the vortex column, the wind has the same speed, which was before the tornado. At a time when a tornado sweeps through any terrain, destroying everything in its path, a distance of several tens of meters from it there is complete calm. Most dangerous are tornadoes that occur in the open sea, especially if they then fall on the coast. In the trunk, the vortex is pulled a lot of water, which is then poured on the coast and floods the neighborhood on the coast fall and all the debris and stones that are captured with a tornado. This happens in one minute, with a completely cloudless weather. Waterspouts can suck the fish and throw it on shore. 'Fish rain' - a phenomenon that had terrified the people. And when a tornado passes over the marsh, which "blooms" or is "a red" water, he can throw in a nearby district "bloody" rain. Tornado in a cloud is formed at a height of about 3-4 kilometers. This is a very rare manifestation of natural disaster, so it's almost impossible to foresee. In the last century small waterspouts broke the cannon balls. It is quite possible, if we imagine that the diameter of the spout is usually measured by the meter. But the break, so land tornado - impossible. Its width is often in the hundreds and even thousands of meters.