Strike and dip

Originally strata were horizontal position; orogenic processes in the broad sense of the word, provoked in them a number of later changes: correct broken strata, layers of curved, twisted or have a vertical position, reasons for such violations will be addressed later, but now we talk only about how to establish the geological observations and terminology. Usually the layers are more or less inclined, or have adopted a vertical position, the geologist will be an important task - to be dismantled in a number of consequent relations. First of all, it is necessary to determine extent of formation in the horizontal direction, or as they say, strike him, then he must find the angle of inclination of the reservoir, or as they say, his fall. The strike layer is determined as follows: on the surface of bare seek out a horizontal line and determine its direction, the latter is done through a very simple device, called a mountain compass. This - the big compass mounted on a rectangular brass plate, or, better still, placed in a wooden box. To determine the angle of incidence in the mountain compass there is a special tool: the magnetic needle is fixed with a small screw, and the long side of the compass is set perpendicular to the direction of gravity, a small plumb priveshenny in the center, pointing to one or the other division. Before the measurements, we must obviously know the fall line: the final stretch to the line forms a right angle. Such definitions constitute the basis of geological research areas with tilted layers. Through a well-known icons of the results plotted on a map, a simple bar denotes the strike layer, perpendicular to her hand - drop it and finally, the number - the angle of incidence.