Ice (Polar) natural area

Nature ice zone is very severe. Even in summer it never melts snow and ice. And while the summer sun shines, without going over the horizon around the clock for several months, yet warm enough to heat the permafrost soil. Yes, and it rises above the horizon is low. And, besides, the sun is often closed by thick clouds or fog. White as snow and ice surface reflects its rays. Polar night, on the whole space dominated by severe frosts. And if the summer sun for several months is above the horizon, the winter on the contrary, it is missing a few months in the sky. Arkticheekaya winter - it's a long night. At such times only the northern lights flashing extraordinary, fantastic colors. But life in this harsh time of year never stops. Wanders through the snow white bear. In the winter he does not fall into hibernation, and engaged in search of food. At the same land is only returned for the birth of pups. And swims from one ice floe to another, the seal hunt. Polar bear an excellent swimmer and diver. Fat and thick fur to protect it from cold. A white fur camouflages it in the snow and makes it invisible. In addition to polar bears in the Arctic live fanged walruses. They are selected on the ice, going into a kind of pack-colonies, and closely pressed, to each other to sleep. After a rest they go back into the water to hunt for crustaceans and molluscs. Flora poorer animal. After all, spread out throughout the snow-covered ice fields. But even where there is no ice, plants die due to strong winds. Only places in sheltered hollows, time to be formed in a short summer small "oases". But plants are not pulled up to the sun, and pressed closer to the ground to be able to resist the wind. As soon as the snow in spring, as the first flowers appear. They develop very quickly, because the sun shines all day. And in more favorable conditions in the Arctic ice deserts are found even islands meadows and marshes. On the island of Svalbard polar yellow poppies. Flora, Franz Josef Land has more than thirty species of flowering plants. Even in the icy expanse of the central part of Greenland can be seen from the bird's-eye red-brown or green field. They constitute microorganisms. Fly to the Arctic and other birds: geese, eiders, terns. In eiders on the abdomen grows in the spring of long feathers, which she carpeted its nest. Pooh this unusually warm first light. In Greenland and on the islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago keep animals whose ancestors lived in the days of mammoth and long-haired rhinos. This is - a wild musk ox, musk ox. He was named so because it really is like while on a sheep and a bull. Long body is covered with musk ox with long hair. The nature of the Antarctic poorer Arctic. Because the thickness of the ice here is 1,5 km away! Therefore, the vegetation is found only on the mainland coast. This mosses, lichens and flowering plants known to only three. Of the birds live here petrels and albatrosses. Wingspan of an albatross to 4 m! All my life they spend above the water, getting a fish. The most famous and remarkable animals of Antarctica - penguins. These birds have lost the ability to fly, their wings have turned into swimming flippers. Penguins - great plavalschiki and divers. But on land they are clumsy waddle walk, while recalling that funny fat man in a black coat and white shirt. Settle numerous colonies of penguins. The single most dangerous their enemy - the sea leopard.