Islands west of Africa

Of these, Madeira is quite an extinct volcano. At the base of the island lies, it seems, diabase, and, judging by the found in the tuffs of the fossils, the volcanic activity of Madeira should be attributed to the beginning of the Miocene epoch. Many well-preserved craters and fresh lava flows indicate that the eruption took place here and in later times, but since then, the Europeans took over the island, the volcanic activity did not show.